Q81 / 200 · NEET 2022 (Phase 2) · Chemistry

Which of the following reactions is a part of the large scale industrial preparation of nitric acid?

  • A
    $\mathrm{NaNO}_3+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \frac{\mathrm{Pt}}{500 \mathrm{~K}, 9 \mathrm{bar}} \mathrm{NaHSO}_4 +\mathrm{HNO}_3$
  • Correct answer
    B
    $4 \mathrm{NH}_3+5 \mathrm{O}_2 \text { (from air) } \frac{\mathrm{Pt}}{500 \mathrm{~K}, 9 \text { bar }} 4 \mathrm{NO} + 6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
  • C
    $4 \mathrm{HPO}_3+2 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_5 \frac{\mathrm{Pt}}{500 \mathrm{~K}, 9 \text { bar }} 4 \mathrm{HNO}_3 +\mathrm{P}_4 \mathrm{O}_{10}$
  • D
    $\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_3\right)_2+2 \mathrm{NO}_2+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \underset{500 \mathrm{Pt}, 9 \mathrm{bar}}{\stackrel{\mathrm{ba}}{\longrightarrow}} 4 \mathrm{HNO}_3+\mathrm{Cu}$

Solution

The balanced chemical equation involved in manufacturing of \(\mathrm{HNO}_3\) by Ostwald's process are shown as: Step 1 Formation of nitric oxide (NO) \(4 \mathrm{NH}_3(\mathrm{~g})+5 \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \xrightarrow[500 \mathrm{~K}, 9 \text { bar }]{\stackrel{\mathrm{Pt} / \mathrm{Rh} \text {, gases- catalyst }}{ }} 4 \mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\) Step 2 Formation of nitrogen dioxide \(\left(\mathrm{NO}_2\right)\) \(2 \mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_2(\mathrm{~g})\) Step 3 Absorption of \(\mathrm{NO}_2\) (Formation of \(\mathrm{HNO}_3\) ) \(3 \mathrm{NO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HNO}_3(\mathrm{I})+\mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})\)

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'B'.

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