Q5 / 160 · TS EAMCET 2013 · Chemistry

Which one of the following statements is correct?

  • A
    Hybrid orbitals do not form $\sigma$ bonds
  • Correct answer
    B
    Lateral overlap of $p$-orbitals or $p$ - and $d$-orbitals produces $\pi$-bonds
  • C
    The strength of bonds follows the order $$ \sigma_{p-p} < \sigma_{s-s} < \pi_{p-p} $$
  • D
    s-orbitals do not form $\sigma$ bonds

Solution

(a) Hybridised orbitals show only head on overlapping and thus form only $\sigma$ bonds. They never form $\pi$ bonds. (c) Head on overlapping is stronger than lateral or sideways overlapping. Therefore, the strength of bonds follows the order $$ \underbrace{\pi_{\rho-p}}_{\begin{array}{c} \text { lateral } \\ \text { overlapping } \end{array}} < \underbrace{\sigma_{s-s} < \sigma_{s-p} < \sigma_{\rho-p}}_{\text {head on overlapping of same shell }} $$ (d) s-orbitals are spherically symmetrical and thus show only head on overlapping and form only $\sigma$ bonds.

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'B'.

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