Q92 / 200 · NEET 2012 (Screening) · Chemistry

Which one of the following is an outer orbital complex and exhibits paramagnetic behaviour?

  • Correct answer
    A
    $\left[\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{2+}$
  • B
    $\left[\mathrm{Zn}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{2+}$
  • C
    $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+}$
  • D
    $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+}$

Solution

Outer orbital complex utilises nd orbitals for bonding and exhibit paramagnetic behaviour, only if there present unpaired electrons. $\begin{aligned} & \text {(a) } \operatorname{In}\left[\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{2+}: \\ & \mathrm{Ni}^{2+}=[\mathrm{Ar}] 3 d^8 4 s^0 \end{aligned}$ Figure Figure So, this is an outer orbital complex having paramagnetic character. (b) In $\left[\mathrm{Zn}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{2+}$ : $\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}=[\mathrm{Ar}] 3 d^{10}$ Figure Thus, it is also an outer orbital complex but it is diamagnetic as all the electrons are paired. $\begin{gathered} \text {(c) } \operatorname{In}\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+} \\ \mathrm{Cr}^{3+}=[\mathrm{Ar}] 3 d^3 \\ {\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+}=} \end{gathered}$ Figure Because of the involvement of $(n-1) d$, i.e., $3 d$ orbital in hybridisation, it is an inner orbital complex. Its nature is paramagnetic because of the presence of three unpaired electrons. $\begin{aligned} & \text{(d) } \operatorname{In}\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+} \text { : } \\ & \mathrm{Co}^{3+}=[\mathrm{Ar}] 3 d^6 \end{aligned}$ Figure As all the electrons are paired, it is a diamagnetic complex.

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'A'.

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