Q90 / 91 · KVPY 2018 (SB/SX) · Physics

Two mutually perpendicular infinitely long straight conductors carrying uniformly distributed charges of linear densities λ1 and λ2 are positioned at a distance r from each other.

Figure

Force between the conductors depends on r as

  • A
    I/r
  • B
    I/r2
  • C
    r
  • Correct answer
    D
    r0

Solution

Consider the arrangement given,
Figure
Force on a differentiable length element dl of conductor 2 due to field of conductor 1 is
dF=E1dq

where, E1= field of wire 1 at location of dl

This force can be resolved into components dFcosθ and dFsinθ

net force is sum of all dFcosθ components, whereas ΣdFsinθ=0.
So, net force on conductor 2 is
F=∫dF=∫E1dq

Here,
E1=2kλ1R=2kλ1

dq=λ2dl

lr=tanθ and rR=cosθ

⇒dl=rsec2θdθ

Also, θ varies from -π2 to π2 for conductor 2.

So, F=∫-π/2π/22kλ1rsecθ·λ2·rsec2θdθ
=2kλ1λ2∫-π/2π/2secθdθ

As, ∫-π/2π/2secθdθ=a constant

We can say that,

Fnet=C·λ1λ2, where C= some constant.

∴Fnet∝r0

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'D'.

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