The compound ${\mathrm{C}}_7{\mathrm{H}}_8$ undergoes the following reactions:



The product $\text{'}\mathrm{C}\text{'}$ is

In electrophilic aromatic substitution, a substituent that favors electrophilic attack ortho or para to the substituent. Most ortho/para directors are also activators, except for the halogens, which are deactivators. A carboxylic acid is a meta director because it experiences resonance, a delocalization of electrons.