Q157 / 160 · TS EAMCET 2023 (14 May Shift 2) · Physics

Half-life of a radioactive substance A is two times the half-life of another radioactive substance $B$. Initially the number of nuclei of $A$ and $B$ are $N_A$ and $N_B$ respectively. After three half-lives of $A$, the number of nuclei of both are equal. Then $\frac{\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{A}}}{\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{B}}}$ is

  • A
    $\frac{1}{3}$
  • B
    $\frac{1}{4}$
  • C
    $\frac{1}{6}$
  • Correct answer
    D
    $\frac{1}{8}$

Solution

Half, life of a radioactive substance A is two times the half-life of another radioactive substance B. Therefore three half-lives of $\mathrm{A}$ is equivalent to six half-lives of $\mathrm{B}$. $\therefore \mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{A}}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3=\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{B}}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^6 \Rightarrow \frac{\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{A}}}{\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{B}}}=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3=\frac{1}{8}$

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'D'.

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