Among the following, the waves responsible for energy transfer in vacuum are

Mechanical waves such as sound waves, seismic waves, and SONAR waves require a material medium for their propagation and cannot travel through a vacuum.

Infrared waves are electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves do not require any material medium for their propagation and can easily travel through a vacuum, transferring energy.

Therefore, infrared waves are responsible for energy transfer in vacuum.

Answer: infrared waves.