Which of the following are the narrowly utilitarian reasons for conservation of biodiversity?
(A). For providing equal right of survival to living beings.
(B). For industrial products like resins, tannins etc.
(C). For pollination and seed dispersal.
(D). For medicinal use of plants and animals.

The reasons for conserving biodiversity are classified into three categories: narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian, and ethical.

Narrowly utilitarian arguments focus on the direct economic benefits derived from nature, such as food, firewood, fibre, construction material, industrial products (like tannins, lubricants, dyes, resins, perfumes), and medicinal products. Therefore, statements (B) and (D) represent narrowly utilitarian reasons.

Broadly utilitarian arguments relate to ecosystem services provided by nature, such as oxygen production, pollination, and seed dispersal. Thus, statement (C) is a broadly utilitarian reason.

Ethical arguments are based on the intrinsic value of every species and the moral duty to ensure their well-being and equal right of survival. Thus, statement (A) is an ethical reason.

Hence, only (B) and (D) are narrowly utilitarian reasons.

Answer: (B) and (D) only.