The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out of the glomeruli into the capsule is

Kidneys help in the formation of urine, from the blood flowing through glomerular capillaries. About $20 \%$ of plasma fluid filters out into the Bowman's capsule through a thin glomerular-capsular membrane due to a net or effective filtration of about 10 to 15 mm Hg . So, the nearest option is (1).