Q104 / 180 · NEET 2020 (Phase 2) · Physics

The electric field at a point on the equatorial plane at a distance r from the centre of a dipole having dipole moment p→ is given by (r>> separation of two charges forming the dipole, ϵ0- permittivity of free space)

  • A
    E→=P→4πϵ0r3
  • B
    E→=2P→4πϵ0r3
  • C
    E→=-P→4πϵ0r2
  • Correct answer
    D
    E→=-P→4πϵ0r3

Solution

Figure

Use the concept of potential gradient, then the relation, Er=-dVdr⇒Eθ=-1r×dVdθ & V=KPr2cosθ, for general point, 
⇒Eθ=-1r×dKPr2cosθdθ ⇒E=-KPr31+3cos2θ, for the equatorial position, θ=90°

⇒E→=-kP→r3=-P→4πϵ0r3.

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'D'.

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