Q153 / 180 · NEET 2013 (Karnataka) · Zoology
Select the correct statement with respect to disorders of muscles in humans.
- Correct answerAFailure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing.
- BAccumulation of urea and creatine in the joints causes their inflammation.
- CAn overdose of vitamin D causes osteoporosis.
- DRapid contractions of skeletal muscles cause muscle dystrophy.
Solution
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder in which autoantibodies bind to cholinergic receptors on muscle cells and impairs the ability of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to induce muscular contraction. This leads to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscles of mouth and throat which may prevent normal swallowing.
Gout arthritis is caused due to excessive formation of uric acid. It gets deposited in synovial joints and causes inflammation. Ostcoporosis is a discase in which bone loses minerals and fibres from its matrix. Muscular dystrophy is inborn abnormality of muscles associated with dysfunction and ultimately with deterioration.
Related Theory
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which tissue injury is caused by humoral (autoantibodies) or cell-mediated (by autoreactive $T$ cells) immune response to self-antigens.
Hence, the correct answer is option: 'A'.