Q35 / 75 · JEE Main 2026 (02 April Shift 2) · Mathematics
Let a circle pass through the origin and its centre be the point of intersection of two mutually perpendicular lines $x + (k-1)y + 3 = 0$ and $2x + k^2 y - 4 = 0$. If the line $x - y + 2 = 0$ intersects the circle at the points A and B, then $(AB)^2$ is equal to:
- A$10$
- B$27$
- Correct answerC$18$
- D$34$
Solution
The given lines are $x + (k-1)y + 3 = 0$ and $2x + k^2 y - 4 = 0$.
Since they are mutually perpendicular, the product of their slopes is $-1$:
$\left(\dfrac{-1}{k-1}\right) \left(\dfrac{-2}{k^2}\right) = -1$
$\dfrac{2}{k^2(k-1)} = -1 \Rightarrow k^3 - k^2 + 2 = 0$
By trial, $k = -1$ is a root. Factoring gives $(k+1)(k^2 - 2k + 2) = 0$. Since $k^2 - 2k + 2 = 0$ has no real roots, $k = -1$.
Substituting $k = -1$ into the equations of the lines, we get:
$x - 2y + 3 = 0$
$2x + y - 4 = 0$
Solving these two equations, we get the point of intersection as $x = 1$ and $y = 2$. Thus, the centre of the circle is $C(1, 2)$.
Since the circle passes through the origin $(0,0)$, the square of its radius $R$ is:
$R^2 = (1 - 0)^2 + (2 - 0)^2 = 5$
The perpendicular distance $d$ from the centre $C(1, 2)$ to the line $x - y + 2 = 0$ is:
$d = \dfrac{|1 - 2 + 2|}{\sqrt{1^2 + (-1)^2}} = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
The length of the chord $AB$ is given by $2\sqrt{R^2 - d^2}$. Therefore, its square is:
$(AB)^2 = 4(R^2 - d^2) = 4\left(5 - \dfrac{1}{2}\right) = 4 \times \dfrac{9}{2} = 18$
Answer: $18$
Since they are mutually perpendicular, the product of their slopes is $-1$:
$\left(\dfrac{-1}{k-1}\right) \left(\dfrac{-2}{k^2}\right) = -1$
$\dfrac{2}{k^2(k-1)} = -1 \Rightarrow k^3 - k^2 + 2 = 0$
By trial, $k = -1$ is a root. Factoring gives $(k+1)(k^2 - 2k + 2) = 0$. Since $k^2 - 2k + 2 = 0$ has no real roots, $k = -1$.
Substituting $k = -1$ into the equations of the lines, we get:
$x - 2y + 3 = 0$
$2x + y - 4 = 0$
Solving these two equations, we get the point of intersection as $x = 1$ and $y = 2$. Thus, the centre of the circle is $C(1, 2)$.
Since the circle passes through the origin $(0,0)$, the square of its radius $R$ is:
$R^2 = (1 - 0)^2 + (2 - 0)^2 = 5$
The perpendicular distance $d$ from the centre $C(1, 2)$ to the line $x - y + 2 = 0$ is:
$d = \dfrac{|1 - 2 + 2|}{\sqrt{1^2 + (-1)^2}} = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
The length of the chord $AB$ is given by $2\sqrt{R^2 - d^2}$. Therefore, its square is:
$(AB)^2 = 4(R^2 - d^2) = 4\left(5 - \dfrac{1}{2}\right) = 4 \times \dfrac{9}{2} = 18$
Answer: $18$
Hence, the correct answer is option: 'C'.