Q149 / 150 · MHT CET 2025 (21 Apr Shift 1) · Physics

Initially a rectangular coil with length vertical is moving out with constant velocity 'v' in a constant magnetic field 'B' towards right. Now the same coil is rotated through $90^{\circ}$ in same plane in same magnetic field $B$ and the coil is moving with same velocity $v$. The magnitude of induced e.m.f. is now

  • A
    greater than initial induced e.m.f.
  • Correct answer
    B
    less than initial induced e.m.f.
  • C
    equal to initial induced e.m.f.
  • D
    sometimes greater and sometimes less than initial induced e.m.f.

Solution

For a conductor moving perpendicular to a magnetic field, the induced e.m.f. is governed by $\varepsilon = B l v$, where $l$ is the length cutting flux lines perpendicularly.

The rectangular coil has dimensions $L$ (length) and $w$ (width). Initially, with $L$ vertical, the induced e.m.f. is $\varepsilon_{\text{initial}} = B L v$.

After a $90^\circ$ rotation, the vertical side becomes $w$, so $\varepsilon_{\text{final}} = B w v$.

The magnitudes compare as $\varepsilon_{\text{final}} > \varepsilon_{\text{initial}}$ if $w > L$, $\varepsilon_{\text{final}} < \varepsilon_{\text{initial}}$ if $w < L$, and are equal if $w = L$. Since no dimensions are specified, all outcomes are possible, leading to answer $\boxed{D}$.

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'B'.

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