Q96 / 150 · MHT CET 2025 (25 Apr Shift 1) · Mathematics
If a random variable $X$ has the following probability distribution of $X$
\(\begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \mathrm{X}=x & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 \\ \hline \mathrm{P}(\mathrm{X}=x) & 0 & \mathrm{k} & 2 \mathrm{k} & 2 \mathrm{k} & 3 \mathrm{k} & \mathrm{k}^2 & 2 \mathrm{k}^2 & 7 \mathrm{k}^2+\mathrm{k} \\ \hline \end{array}\)
Then $\mathrm{P}(\mathrm{X} \geqslant 6)=$
- Correct answerA$\frac{19}{100}$
- B$\frac{81}{100}$
- C$\frac{9}{100}$
- D$\frac{91}{100}$
Solution
The sum of probabilities in the distribution must be 1: $P(X=0) + P(X=1) + P(X=2) + P(X=3) + P(X=4) + P(X=5) + P(X=6) + P(X=7) = 1$.
Substituting the given expressions: $0 + k + 2k + 2k + 3k + k^2 + 2k^2 + (7k^2 + k) = 1$.
Combining like terms yields $10k^2 + 9k = 1$, which rearranges to the quadratic equation $10k^2 + 9k - 1 = 0$.
Factoring gives $(10k - 1)(k + 1) = 0$, with solutions $k = \frac{1}{10}$ or $k = -1$. Since probability must be non-negative, $k = \frac{1}{10}$.
To find $P(X \geq 6)$, sum $P(X=6) + P(X=7)$:
$P(X=6) = 2k^2 = 2(\frac{1}{10})^2 = \frac{2}{100}$
$P(X=7) = 7k^2 + k = 7(\frac{1}{10})^2 + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{17}{100}$
$P(X \geq 6) = \frac{2}{100} + \frac{17}{100} = \frac{19}{100}$
This matches option A.
Hence, the correct answer is option: 'A'.