Q14 / 160 · TS EAMCET 2023 (13 May Shift 1) · Chemistry

Choose the correct statement from the following with reference to inert pair effect

  • A
    $\mathrm{Sn}^{+4}$ is reducing agent but $\mathrm{Pb}^{+4}$ is an oxidizing agent
  • B
    $\mathrm{Sn}^{+4}$ is an oxidizing agent but $\mathrm{Pb}^{+2}$ is a reducing agent
  • Correct answer
    C
    $\mathrm{Sn}^{+2}$ is reducing agent but $\mathrm{Pb}^{+4}$ is an oxidizing agent
  • D
    $\mathrm{Sn}^{+2}$ is an oxidizing agent but $\mathrm{Pb}^{+4}$ is a reducing agent

Solution

The inert pair effect results in the stabilization of an oxidation state, two units less than the common group oxidation state. The stability of the oxidation state, two units less than the group oxidation state increases down the group. Thus, $\mathrm{Pb}^{2+}$ is much more stable than $\mathrm{Pb}^{4+}$ because of which $\mathrm{Pb}^{4+}$ acts as an oxidizing agent and itself gets reduced to $\mathrm{Pb}^{2+}$. $\mathrm{Sn}^{2+}$ acts as a reducing agent and gets oxidized to $\mathrm{Sn}^{4+}$.

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'C'.

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