Q150 / 150 · MHT CET 2026 (11 April Shift 2) · Physics
Bohr model is applied to a particle of mass 'm' and charge 'q' moving in a plane under the influence of a transverse magnetic field B. The energy of the charged particle in the $n^{th}$ level will be (h=Planck's constant)
- A$\dfrac{2nhqB}{\pi m}$
- B$\dfrac{nhqB}{\pi m}$
- C$\dfrac{nhqB}{2\pi m}$
- Correct answerD$\dfrac{nhqB}{4\pi m}$
Solution
For a charged particle moving in a transverse magnetic field, the magnetic force provides the necessary centripetal force for circular motion:
$\dfrac{mv^2}{r} = qvB$
$\Rightarrow v = \dfrac{qBr}{m}$
According to Bohr's quantization postulate, the angular momentum of the particle is quantized:
$mvr = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$
Substituting the expression for $v$ into the quantization condition, we get:
$m \left(\dfrac{qBr}{m}\right) r = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$
$\Rightarrow qBr^2 = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$
$\Rightarrow r^2 = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi qB}$
The total energy of the particle is purely kinetic (since the magnetic force does no work):
$E = \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2$
Substituting $v = \dfrac{qBr}{m}$:
$E = \dfrac{1}{2}m \left(\dfrac{qBr}{m}\right)^2 = \dfrac{q^2B^2r^2}{2m}$
Now, substituting the value of $r^2$ into the energy equation:
$E = \dfrac{q^2B^2}{2m} \left(\dfrac{nh}{2\pi qB}\right)$
$E = \dfrac{nhqB}{4\pi m}$
Answer: $\dfrac{nhqB}{4\pi m}$
$\dfrac{mv^2}{r} = qvB$
$\Rightarrow v = \dfrac{qBr}{m}$
According to Bohr's quantization postulate, the angular momentum of the particle is quantized:
$mvr = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$
Substituting the expression for $v$ into the quantization condition, we get:
$m \left(\dfrac{qBr}{m}\right) r = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$
$\Rightarrow qBr^2 = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$
$\Rightarrow r^2 = \dfrac{nh}{2\pi qB}$
The total energy of the particle is purely kinetic (since the magnetic force does no work):
$E = \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2$
Substituting $v = \dfrac{qBr}{m}$:
$E = \dfrac{1}{2}m \left(\dfrac{qBr}{m}\right)^2 = \dfrac{q^2B^2r^2}{2m}$
Now, substituting the value of $r^2$ into the energy equation:
$E = \dfrac{q^2B^2}{2m} \left(\dfrac{nh}{2\pi qB}\right)$
$E = \dfrac{nhqB}{4\pi m}$
Answer: $\dfrac{nhqB}{4\pi m}$
Hence, the correct answer is option: 'D'.