Q24 / 160 · AP EAMCET 2021 (20 Aug Shift 2) · Chemistry

Arrange the following bases in decreasing order of basicity is
(i) Aniline
(ii) O - nitroaniline
(iii) m- nitroaniline
(iv) p - nitroaniline

  • A
     (i) >(ii)>(iv)>(iii)
  • Correct answer
    B
     (i) >(iii)>(iv)>(ii)
  • C
    (iv)>(iii)>(ii)>(i)
  • D
     (iii) >(ii)>(i)>(iv)

Solution

Basicity is directly proportional to the +M,+I effect, but it is inversely proportional to the -M,-I effect. Aniline is the highest basic because it does not have any group. But the nitro group can show the -I and -M effect. The nitro group at meta position show only the -I effect. But at ortho and para position, it will show the -M,-I effect both. So, the m-nitroaniline is more basic than the p-nitroaniline and o-nitroaniline.

So, the basicity order is :-

Figure

Hence, the decreasing order of basicity is  (i) >(iii)>(iv)>(ii).

Hence, the correct answer is option: 'B'.

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