Q71 / 75 · JEE Main 2026 (05 April Shift 1) · Physics
A cube has side length $5$ cm and modulus of rigidity $10^5$ N/m$^2$. The displacement produced by a force of $10$ N in the upper face of cube is _____ mm.
Correct answer: 2
Solution
Given:
Side length of the cube, $L = 5$ cm $= 0.05$ m
Modulus of rigidity, $\eta = 10^5$ N/m$^2$
Force applied on the upper face, $F = 10$ N
Area of the upper face, $A = L^2 = (0.05)^2 = 2.5 \times 10^{-3}$ m$^2$
Shear stress is given by:
$\text{Stress} = \dfrac{F}{A} = \dfrac{10}{2.5 \times 10^{-3}} = 4000$ N/m$^2$
Shear strain is given by:
$\text{Strain} = \dfrac{\Delta x}{L}$
Modulus of rigidity is defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear strain:
$\eta = \dfrac{\text{Stress}}{\text{Strain}} = \dfrac{F/A}{\Delta x/L}$
Rearranging for displacement $\Delta x$:
$\Delta x = \dfrac{F \cdot L}{A \cdot \eta}$
Substituting the values:
$\Delta x = \dfrac{10 \times 0.05}{2.5 \times 10^{-3} \times 10^5}$
$\Delta x = \dfrac{0.5}{250} = 0.002$ m
Converting to millimeters:
$\Delta x = 0.002 \times 1000 = 2$ mm
Answer: $2$
Side length of the cube, $L = 5$ cm $= 0.05$ m
Modulus of rigidity, $\eta = 10^5$ N/m$^2$
Force applied on the upper face, $F = 10$ N
Area of the upper face, $A = L^2 = (0.05)^2 = 2.5 \times 10^{-3}$ m$^2$
Shear stress is given by:
$\text{Stress} = \dfrac{F}{A} = \dfrac{10}{2.5 \times 10^{-3}} = 4000$ N/m$^2$
Shear strain is given by:
$\text{Strain} = \dfrac{\Delta x}{L}$
Modulus of rigidity is defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear strain:
$\eta = \dfrac{\text{Stress}}{\text{Strain}} = \dfrac{F/A}{\Delta x/L}$
Rearranging for displacement $\Delta x$:
$\Delta x = \dfrac{F \cdot L}{A \cdot \eta}$
Substituting the values:
$\Delta x = \dfrac{10 \times 0.05}{2.5 \times 10^{-3} \times 10^5}$
$\Delta x = \dfrac{0.5}{250} = 0.002$ m
Converting to millimeters:
$\Delta x = 0.002 \times 1000 = 2$ mm
Answer: $2$
Hence, the correct answer is 2.